PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.